Cara Memutihkan Gigi Secara Alami

Cara Memutihkan Gigi Secara Alami - Apakah gigi anda sudah putih? Siapa sih yang tidak ingin giginya putih bersinar, semua orang pasti menginginkannya. Gigi yang tidak atau kurang putih memang jika di bicarakan akan terlalu sepele, tapi jangan salah. Kurang putihnya gigi juga bisa menurunkan rasa kepercayaan diri dalam pergaulan.

Biasanya orang yang seperti ini akan sulit untuk tersenyum atau berbicara karena mereka malu memperlihatkan gigi mereka pada orang lain. Hal ini tentu saja bisa berakibat pada beberapa hal lain, misalnya saja orang itu akan minder dan tersisih dari pergaulan.

Ada berbagai cara dalam mencapai tujuan gigi putih dan bersinar. Namun di artikel berjudul Cara Alami Memutihkan Gigi ini saya hanya akan mengelompokkan cara memutihkan gigi kedalam 2 kelompok. Yaitu cara alami dan cara yang non-alami. Yang akan saja jelaskan dibawah:

1. Cara non-alami: Untuk yang ini, anda bisa membeli pasta gigi yang kualitasnya sudah terjamin atau membeli cairan kumur. Dengan rajin menggunakannya, insyaallah anda akan mendapatkan gigi putih dan bersinar yang anda impikan.
2. Cara alami memutihkan gigi: Untuk yang satu ini, anda hanya perlu menggunakan buah lemon yang dibelah. Yang kita gunakan di buah lemon ini adalah kulit lemon bagian dalam. Untuk cara penggunaannya :

• Gosokkan kulit lemon tadi ke seluruh gigi kira-kira selama 3 menit. Setelah itu bersihkan gigi dengan cara berkumur.
• Ulangi secara rutin dalam beberapa hari, insyaallah anda akan segera mendapatkan gigi putih dan bersinar dengan cara alami memutihkan gigi ini.
• Untuk rasa pahit saat lemon digosokkan, menurut saya itu merupakan hal yang wajar. Namanya juga obat, ya tidak ada yang enak. Intinya, bersakit-sakit dahulu, bersenang-senang kemudian.

Contoh Makalah Hukum

Contoh Makalah Hukum - kali ini saya akan coba share kepada anda contoh makalah hukum di mana sebelumnya juga pernah share contoh makalah pendidikan dan kesehatan. Sebelum jauh ke makalahnya. anda sebainya tahu apa itu hukum? Hukum adalah sistem yang terpenting dalam pelaksanaan atas rangkaian kekuasaan kelembagaan. dari bentuk penyalahgunaan kekuasaan dalam bidang politik, ekonomi dan masyarakat dalam berbagai cara dan bertindak, sebagai perantara utama dalam hubungan sosial antar masyarakat terhadap kriminalisasi dalam hukum pidana, hukum pidana yang berupayakan cara negara dapat menuntut pelaku dalam konstitusi hukum menyediakan kerangka kerja bagi penciptaan hukum, perlindungan hak asasi manusia dan memperluas kekuasaan politik serta cara perwakilan di mana mereka yang akan dipilih. Administratif hukum digunakan untuk meninjau kembali keputusan dari pemerintah, sementara hukum internasional mengatur persoalan antara berdaulat negara dalam kegiatan mulai dari perdagangan lingkungan peraturan atau tindakan militer. filsuf Aristotle menyatakan bahwa “Sebuah supremasi hukum akan jauh lebih baik dari pada dibandingkan dengan peraturan tirani yang merajalela

keterpurukan hukum di Indonesia

I. PENDAHULUAN

Ketika bicara hukum di Indonesia, barangkali masyarakat sudah bosan dan lelah menyaksikan paradoks-paradoks yang terjadi dalam kehidupan hukum di negeri ini. Sudah banyak issue-issue miring yang dialamatkan kepada aparat penegak hukum, baik itu polisi, jaksa maupun hakim. Sudah banyak tuduhan-tuduhan yang telah disuarakan oleh berbagai elemen masyarakat, tentang banyaknya para koruptor penjarah uang rakyat milyaran dan bahkan triyulnan rupiah dibebaskan oleh pengadilan. Dan kalaupun dihukum hanya sebanding dengan hukuman pencuri ayam. Dengan mata telanjang dapat disaksikan bahwa orang miskin akan sangat kesulitan mencari keadilan diruang pengadilan, sedangkan orang berduit akan begitu mudah mendapatkan keadilan. Bukan rahasia lagi, bahwa dalam proses peradilan perkara pidana bila ingin mendapat keringanan atau bahkan bebas dari jeratan hukum harus menyediakan uang, begitu juga para pihak dalam perkara perdata, bila ingin memenangkan perkara maka harus menyediakan sejumlah uang. Dengan kata lain bahwa putusan pengadilan dapat dibeli dengan uang, karena yang menjadi parameter untuk keringanan hukuman dalam perkara pidana dan menang kalahnya dalam perkara perdata lebih kepada pertimbangan berapa jumlah uang untuk itu daripada pertimbangan hukum yang bersandar pada keadilan dan kebenaran.
Dalam situasi yang serba extra ordinary dimana bangsa dan negara kita ini sulit untuk keluar dari tekanan krisis di segala bidang kehidupan tidak tertutup kemungkinan bangsa Indonesia akan tambah terperosok ke jurang nestapa yang semakin dalam dan menyeramkan, maka situasi mencekam seperti ini tidak ayal hukum menjadi institusi yang banyak menuai kritik karena dianggap tidak becus untuk memberikan jawaban yang prospektif. Pasca tumbangnya pemerintahan otoriter tahun 1998, hamper setiap saat dibumi pertiwi ini lahir peraturan perundang-undangan untuk mengatur dan menjawab problematika kehidupan di Negara ini, sehingga keberadaan bangka kita ini dalam kondisi hiperregulated society. Namun, dengan segudang peraturan perundang-undangan, baik menyangkut bidang kelembagaan maupun sisi kegidupan manusia Indonesia, keteraturan (order) tidak kunjung datang. Malahan hukum kita tampak kewelahan, yang akibatnya dengan seabrek peraturan perundang-undangan itu dalam ranah penegakan hukum justru malah menerbitkan persoalan-persoalan baru ketimbang menuntaskannya. Hal ini menurut Satjipto Rahardjo, komunitas hukum dianggap sebagai komunitas yang sangat lamban dalam menangkap momentum.
Sejak tumbangnya pemerintahan otoriter 1998 yang selanjutnya disebut sebagai era reformasi, sebenarnya merupakan momentum paling penting dan strategis dari segi kehidupan social dan hukum, namun kondisi ini tidak mampu menggerakkan untuk mengambil manfaat dalam ranah perbaikan. Institusi yang dijadikan tumpuan pembebasan dan pencerahan, justru menjadi sarang troble maker bangsa. Dampaknya kehidupan hukum menjadi tidak terarah dan terpuruk. Dalam situasi keterpurukan hukum seperti ini, maka apapun uapya pembenahan dan perbaikan dibidang ekonomi dan bidang-bidang lainnya niscaya merupakan suatu yang musykil dilakukan (mission impossible) . Hal ini apabila dicermati , minimal terdapat dua faktor utama. Pertama, perilaku penegak hukum (professional jurist) yang koruptif dan yang kedua, pola pikir para penegak hukum Indonesia sebagian besar masih terkungkung dalam pikiran legalistic-positivistik, meskipun system kelembagaan hukum telah ditabuh ke arah perubahan-perubahan namun paradigma para penegak hukum masih berpola lama (orde baru).
Bahwa dalam harian Kompas tanggal 31 Mei tahun 2002, halaman 27 ditulis, panggung peradilan Indonesia…., dikepung oleh pelbagai hal yang sangat rawan dengan urusan KKN…, dan hedoisme…, uang yang bersileweran-pun bukan alang kepalang jumlahnya. Dalam harian yang sama pada halaman 4 seorang Denny Indrayana mengatakan “sebenarnya persoalan perilaku jurist itu tidak hanya terjadi di Indonesia saja. Namun yang berlangsung di Indonesia sungguh sudah keterlaluan.
Selanjutnya ketika dikaji dari sisi penegakan hukum yang legal-positivistik, menurut Anis Ibrahim, rasanya kita sudah lebih dari cukup memiliki peraturan hukum yang dapat digunakan sebagai garansi kepastian dan keadilan bagi mereka yang sedang berurusan dengan hukum, Namun, sungguh sangat sulit mendapatkan data yang menggembirakan tentang keadilan yang muncul dari hukum. Misalnya, Indonesia telah menyatakan korupsi merupakan extra ordinary, dan karenanya dinyatakan Negara Indonesia berada dalam keadaan darurat korupsi. Hal ini, melahirkan Undang-Undang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi (UU nomor 20/2001 yang mengubah UU Nomor 31/1999). Dan karena Kejaksaan dan Kepolisian dianggap tidak mampu menangani korupsi kelas kakap, maka lahirlah Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK) yang memiliki kewenangan luar biasa untuk melakukan pemberantasan korupsi. Namun pemberantasan korupsi yang dilakukan hanya sebatas popularitas, asal sikat dan sering salah sasaran. Hal ini terbutki, koruptor kelas kakap yang menjarah BLBI trilyunan rupiah nyaris belum tersentuh. Ironisnya menurut Anis Ibrahim, seandainya ada yang dibawa ke pengadilan terdapat dua kemungkinan putusan, jika tidak dibebaskan dengan dalih kekurangan alat bukti, bisa jadi vonisnya tidak jauh dari putusan penjahat sekelas preman jalanan.

II. PERMASALAHAN
Dari latar pemikiran sebagaimana diuraikan dalam pendahuluan maka pertanyaanya adalah “bagaimana cara keluar dari keterpurukan hukum di Indonesia ini”?

III. PEMBAHASAN
Menurut Satjipto rahardjo, sejak hukum modern semakin bertumpu pada dimensi bentuk yang menjadikannya formal dan procedural, maka sejak itu pula muncul perbedaan antara keadilan formal atau keadilan menurut hukum disatu pihak dan keadilan sejati atau keadilan substansial di pihak lain. Dengan adanya dua macam dimensi keadilan tersebut, maka kita dapat melihat bahwa dalam praktiknya hukum itu ternyata dapat digunakan untuk menyimpangi keadilan subsatansial. Penggunaan hukum yang demikian itu tidak berarti melakukan pelanggaran hukum, melainkan semata-mata menunjukkan bahwa hukum itu dapat digunakan untuk tujuan lain selain mencapai keadilan.
Dijelaskan oleh Prof. Dr. Satjipto Raharjo, SH., progresivisme bertolak dari pandangan kemanusiaan, bahwa manusia dasarnya adalah baik, memiliki kasih saying serta kepedulian terhadap sesama sebagai modal penting bagi membangun kehidupan berhukum dalam masyarakat. Namun apabila dramaturgi hukum menjadi buruk seperti selam ini terjadi di Negara kita, yang menjadi sasaran adalah para aparat penegak hukumnya, yakni polisi, jaksa, hakim dan advokat. Meskipun, apabila kita berfikir jernih dan berkesinambungan, tidak sepenuhnya mereka dipersalahkan dan didudukan sebagai satu-satunya terdakwa atas rusaknya wibawa hukum di Indonesia.
Memang sangat menyedihkan hati, ketika melihat kondisi hukum di Indonesia dengan segala bentuk praktisnya. Penggunaan hukum yang serba formal-prosedural dan teknikal , pada dasarnya telah banyak melupakan sisi kebenaran materiil, keadilan substansial dan kemanusiaan. Praktis-praktis hukum yang diterapkan dinegara kita, hingga kini belum mampu memberi garansi untuk mencapai harkat kemanusiaan yang berkeyakinan, kebenaran materiil dan keadilan substansial. Kepedulian terhadap hukum yang menjanjikan kebenaran, kemanusian dan keadilan menurut Satjito Raharjo, baru dapat dicapai jika kita mau keluar dari tawan-tawanan undang-undang yang serba formal procedural. Manakala menginginkan dan mempercayai hukum beserta praktiknya masih dapat dijadikan media pencerah bangsa, maka harus berani mencari agenda alternative yang sifatnya progresif.
Berfikir secara progresif, menurut Satjipto Raharjo berarti harus berani keluar dari mainstream pemikiran absolutisme hukum, kemudianmenempatkan hukum dalam posisi yang relative. Dalam hal ini, hukum harus diletakkan dalam keseluruhan persoalan kemanusian. Bekerja berdasarkan pola pikir yang determinan hukum memang per;uj. Namun itu bukanlah suatu yang mutlak dilakukan manakala para ahli hukum berhadapan dengan suatu masalah yang jika menggunakan logika hukum modern akan menciderai posisi kemanusiaan dan kebenaran. Bekerja berdasarkan pola pikir hukum yang progresif (paradigma hukum progresif), barang tentu berbeda dengan paradigma hukum positivistis-praktis yang selama ini diajarkan di perguruan tinggi. Paradigma hukum progresif melihat faktor utama dalam hukum adalah manusua itu sendiri. Sebaliknya paradigma hukum peositivistis meyakini kebenaran hukum di atas manusia. Manusia boleh dimarjinalkan asal hukum tetap tegak. Sebaliknya paradigma hukum progresif berfikir bahwa justru hukum bolehlah dimarjinalkan untuk mencdukung eksistensialitas kemanusian, kebenaran dan keadilan.
Agenda utama paradigma hukum progresif adalah menempatkan manusia sebagai sentralitas utama dari seluruh perbincangan tentang hukum. Penerimaan faktor manusia di pusat pembicaraan hukum tersebut membawa kita untuk mempedulikan faktor perilaku (behavior, experience) manusia. Dalam bahasa Oliver W. Holmes, logika peraturan disempurnakan dengan logika pengalaman. Jika dalam filosofi paradigma hukum praktis posisi manusia adalah untuk hukum dan logika hukum, sehingga manusia dipaksa untuk dimasukkan ke dalam hukum, maka sebaliknya filosofi dalam paradigma hukum progresif adalah hukum untuk manusia. Apabila faktor kemanusiaan yang ada didalammnyua termasuk juga kebenaran dan keadilan telah enjadi titik pembahasan hukum, maka faktor etika dan moralitas dengan sendirinya akan ikut tersert masuk ke dalamnya. Membicarakan kebenaran, keadilan dan kemanusiaan tidak bisa dilepaskan dari membicarakan etika dan moralitas. Jadi, dengan tegas paradigma hukum progresif menolak pendapat yang memisahkan hukum dari faktor kemanusiaan dan moralitas. Disinilah letak pembebasan dan pencerahan yang dilakukan oleh paradigma hukum progresif.
Hukum progresif mengingatkan, bahwa dinamika hukum tidak kunjung berhenti, oleh karena hukum terus menerus berada pada status membangun diri, dengan demikian terjadinya perubahan social dengan didukung oleh social engineering by law yang terencana akan mewujudkan apa yang menjadi tujuan hukum progresif yaitu kesejahteraan dan kebahagiaan manusia. Untuk itu, perlu mendapatkan kehidupan hukum yang berada. Dalam hal ini, menurut Prof. Dr. Muladi, SH., dibutuhkan predisposisi sebagai berikut :
1. menegakkan Rule of Law. Untuk menegakkan Rule of Law, ada empat hal yang harus dipenuhi yaitu : Government is under the law, adanya independence of yurisdiction, access to the counrt of law dan general acqual in certain application and same meaning .
2. Kedua; Democracy, prinsip-prinsip dasar demokrasi yaitu ; constitutional, chek and balance, freedom of media, judicial independence of precident, control to civil to military, protection to minoritary.
Kedua hal ini, adalah menjadi bagian dari prinsip-prinsip dari hukum progresif, dimana hukum bukan sebagai raja, tetapi alat untuk menjabarkan kemanusiaan yang berfungsi memberikan rahmat kepada dunia dan manusia, hukum bukan sebagai tehnologi yang tak bernurani melainkan suatu institusi yang bermoral kemanusian. Pembahsan hukum tidak menyumbat pintu bagi issue manusia dan kemanusiaan. Oleh karena itu masalah manudia dan kemanusiaan akan terus menyertai dan ikut mengalir mnemasuki hukum. Maka hukum itu tidak ada untuk dirinya sendiri, melainkan untuk mengabdi dan melestarikan manusia dengan segala perbincangan tentang kebenaran dan keadilan di dalamnya.
Kontribusi terbesar dari paradigma hukum progresif adalah menjadikan para jurist untuk menjadi sososk manusia sebenar-benar manusia, bukan manusia sebagai robot/computer yang berisi software hukum. Jika demikian, apa bedanya dengan computer jika dalam praktiknya para jurist sekedar mengikuti perintah dan prosedur yang tercetak dalam undang-undang? Untuk apa bertahun-tahun susah payah dan sibuk mencetak ahli hukum kika kerjanya tidak lebih dari computer yang tinggal mencer-mencet? Jadi, paradigma hukum progresif akan mengarahkan jurist menjadi sosok yang arif-bijaksana dan memiliki wawasan komprehensif dalam mencapai kebenaran dan keadilan dalam setiap persoalan yang dihadapinya. Paradigma hukum progresif akan dapat menjinakkan kekakuan dan kebekuan undang-undang. Bukankah UU Nomor 4 Tahun 2004 Tentang Kekuasaan Kehakiman kita, mewajibkan hakim untuk menggali, mengikuti dan memahami nilai-nilai hukum dan rasa keadilan yang hidup dalam masyarakat.

IV. PENUTUP/KESIMPULAN
Untuk keluar dari situasi keterpurukan hukum di Indonesia yang selalu dimuat diberbagai media, bahkan menjadi bahan olok-olok dikampung-kampung, maka harus ada usaha pembebasan diri dari cara kerja yang konvensional yang diwariskan oleh madzab hukum positif dengan segala doktrin dan prosedurnya yang serba formal procedural yang justru melahirkan keadilan yang bersifat formal bukan keadilan substansial. Pencerahan dan pembebasan dari belenggu formal procedural itu barang tentu hanya dapat ditempuh melalui paradigma hukum progrosif yang sangat peduli kepada kebenaran, kemanusiaan dan keadilan. Bukankah keberadaan hukum ditengah-tengah masyarakat tidak hanya dibatasi untuk mencapai kepastian, tapi yang jauh lebih besar dari itu adalah untuk mencapai kedilan sejati. Hal ini, hanya dapat terwujud dan didapatkan melalui penegakan hukum secara progresif.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Achmad Ali, Keterpurukan Hukum di Indonesia ; penyebab dan solusinya, Ghalia Indonesia, Jakarta, 2002.
Anis Ibrahim, Hukum Progresif : Pencarian, pembebasan dan pencerahan, Majalah Program Doktor Ilmu Hukum UNDIP, April 2006.
Denny Indrayana, Let’s Kill the Lawyer (catatan kasus Elza Syarief), Kompas, 13 Mei 2002.
Satjipto Rahardjo, Hukum Progresif Sebagai Dasar Pembangunan Ilmu Hukum Indonesia, Makalah dalam Seminar Nasional Kerja sama IAIN Walisongo dengan Alumni Program Doktor Ilmu Hukum UNDIP, Semarang, 8 Desember 2004.


Moga contoh makalah hukum yang saya share dapat bermamfaat bagi anda.

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Contoh Makalah Bahasa Inggris

Contoh Makalah Bahasa Inggris - kali saya akan mencoba memberikan satu contoh makalah dalam bentuk bahasa inggris, bagi anda yang lagi mencari contoh makalah berbahsa inggris sudah sangat cocok bagi anda loh. Sebenarnya sih saya juga ga tau Sob' isi makalah yang di bawah soalnya ga tau bahasa linggis Sob' maklum Newbie masalah ginian.hohoho

Lansung aja deh kalau gitu simak dan baca Artikel tentang Contoh Makalah Bahasa Inggris berikut :

Contoh Makalah Bahasa Inggris

Without, the night was cold and wet, but in the small parlor of Lakesnam Villa the blinds were drawn and the fire burned brightly. Father and son were at chess, the former, who possessed ideas about the game involving radical changes, putting his king into suchm sharp and unnecessary perils that it even provoked comment from the whitehaired old lady knitting placidly by the fire.
"Hark at the wind," said Mr. White, who, having seen a fatal mistake after it was too late, was amiably desirous of preventing his son from seeing it.
"I'm listening," said the latter, grimly surveying the board as he stretched out his hand. "Check."
"I should hardly think that he'd come tonight," said his father, with his hand poised over the board.
"Mate," replied the son.
"That's the worst of living so far out," bawled Mr. White, with sudden and unlooked-for violence; "of all the beastly, slushy, out-of-the-way places to live in, this is the worst. Pathway's a bog, and the road's a torrent. I don't know what people are thinking about. I suppose because only two houses on the road are let, they think it doesn't matter."
"Never mind, dear," said his wife soothingly; "perhaps you'll win the next one."
Mr. White looked up sharply, just in time to intercept a knowing glance between mother and son. The words died away on his lips, and he hid a guilty grin in his thin grey beard.
"There he is," said Herbert White, as the gate banged to loudly and heavy footsteps came toward the door.
The old man rose with hospitable haste, and opening the door, was heard condoling with the new arrival. The new arrival also condoled with himself, so that Mrs. White said, "Tut, tut!" and coughed gently as her husband entered the room, followed by a tall, burly man, beady of eye and rubicund of visage.
"Sergeant Major Morris," he said, introducing him.
The sergeant major shook hands, and taking the proffered seat by the fire, watched contentedly while his host got out whisky and tumblers and stood a small copper kettle on the fire.
At the third glass his eyes got brighter, and he began to talk, the little family circle regarding with eager interest this visitor from distant parts, as he squared his broad shoulders in the chair and spoke of strange scenes and doughty deeds, of wars and plagues and strange peoples.
"Twenty-one years of it," said Mr. White, nodding at his wife and son. "When he went away he was a slip of a youth in the warehouse. Now look at him."
"He don't look to have taken much harm," said Mrs. White politely. "I'd like to go to India myself," said the old man, "just to look round a bit, you know."
"Better where you are," said the sergeant major, shaking his head. He put down the empty glass, and sighing softly, shook it again.
"I should like to see those old temples and fakirs and jugglers," said the old man. "What was that you started telling me the other day about a monkey's paw or something, Morris?"
"Nothing," said the soldier hastily. "Leastways, nothing worth hearing."
"Monkey's paw?" said Mrs. White curiously.
"Well, it's just a bit of what you might call magic, perhaps," said the sergeant major offhandedly.
His three listeners leaned forward eagerly. The visitor absentmindedly put his empty glass to his lips and then set it down again. His host filled it for him.
"To look at," said the sergeant major, fumbling in his pocket, "it's just an ordinary little paw, dried to a mummy."
He took something out of his pocket and proffered it. Mrs. White drew back with a grimace, but her son, taking it, examined it curiously.
"And what is there special about it?" inquired Mr. White, as he took it from his son, and having examined it, placed it upon the table.
"It had a spell put on it by an old fakir," said the sergeant major, "a very holy man. He wanted to show that fate ruled people's lives, and that those who interfered with it did so to their sorrow. He put a spell on it so that three separate men could each have three wishes from it."
His manner was so impressive that his hearers were conscious that their light laughter jarred somewhat.
"Well, why don't you have three, sir?" said Herbert White cleverly.
The soldier regarded him in the way that middle age is wont to regard presumptuous youth. "I have," he said quietly, and his blotchy face whitened.
"And did you really have the three wishes granted?" asked Mrs. White.
"I did," said the sergeant major, and his glass tapped against his strong teeth.
"And has anybody else wished?" inquired the old lady.
"The first man had his three wishes, yes," was the reply. "I don't know what the first two were, but the third was for death. That's how I got the paw."
His tones were so grave that a hush fell upon the group.
"If you've had your three wishes, it's no good to you now, then, Morris," said the old man at last. "What do you keep it for?"
The soldier shook his head. "Fancy, I suppose," he said slowly. "I did have some idea of selling it, but I don't think I will. It has caused enough mischief already. Besides, people won't buy. They think it's a fairy tale, some of them, and those who do think anything of it want to try it first and pay me afterward."
"If you could have another three wishes," said the old man, eyeing him keenly, "would you have them?"
"I don't know," said the other. "I don't know."
He took the paw, and dangling it between his front finger and thumb, suddenly threw it upon the fire. White, with a slight cry, stooped down and snatched it off.
"Better let it burn," said the soldier solemnly.
"If you don't want it, Morris," said the old man, "give it to me."
"I won't," said his friend doggedly. "I threw it on the fire. If you keep it, don't blame me for what happens. Pitch it on the fire again, like a sensible man."
The other shook his head and examined his new possession closely. "How do you do it?" he inquired.
"Hold it up in your right hand and wish aloud," said the sergeant major, "but I warn you of the consequences."
"Sounds like the Arabian Nights," said Mrs. White, as she rose and began to set the supper. "Don't you think you might wish for four pairs of hands for me?"
Her husband drew the talisman from his pocket and then all three burst into laughter as the sergeant major, with a look of alarm on his face, caught him by the arm.
"If you must wish," he said gruffly, "wish for something sensible."
Mr. White dropped it back into his pocket, and placing chairs, motioned his friend to the table. In the business of supper the talisman was partly forgotten, and afterward the three sat listening in an enthralled fashion to a second installment of the soldier's adventures in India.
"If the tale about the monkey's paw is not more truthful than those he has been telling us," said Herbert, as the door closed behind their guest, just in time for him to catch the last train, "we shan't make much out of it."
"Did you give him anything for it, Father?" inquired Mrs. White, regarding her husband closely.
"A trifle," said he, coloring slightly. "He didn't want it, but I made him take it. And he pressed me again to throw it away."
"Likely," said Herbert, with pretended horror. "Why, we're going to be rich, and famous, and happy. Wish to be an emperor, Father, to begin with; then you can't be henpecked."
He darted around the table, pursued by the maligned Mrs. White armed with an antimacassar.
Mr. White took the paw from his pocket and eyed it dubiously. "I don't know what to wish for, and that's a fact," he said slowly. "It seems to me I've got all I want."
"If you only cleared the house, you'd be quite happy, wouldn't you?" said Herbert, with his hand on his shoulder. "Well, wish for two hundred pounds, then; that'll just do it."
His father, smiling shamefacedly at his own credulity, held up the talisman, as his son, with a solemn face somewhat marred by a wink at his mother, sat down at the piano and struck a few impressive chords.
"I wish for two hundred pounds," said the old man distinctly.
A fine crash from the piano greeted the words, interrupted by a shuddering cry from the old man. His wife and son ran toward him.
"It moved," he cried, with a glance of disgust at the object as it lay on the floor. "As I wished, it twisted in my hand like a snake."
"Well, I don't see the money," said his son, as he picked it up and placed it on the table, "and I bet I never shall."
"It must have been your fancy, Father," said his wife, regarding him anxiously.
He shook his head. "Never mind, though; there's no harm done, but it gave me a shock all the same."
They sat down by the fire again while the two men finished their pipes. Outside, the wind was higher than ever, and the old man started nervously at the sound of a door banging upstairs. A silence unusual and depressing settled upon all three, which lasted until the old couple rose to retire for the night.
"I expect you'll find the cash tied up in a big bag in the middle of your bed," said Herbert, as he bade them good night, "and something horrible squatting up on top of the wardrobe watching you as you pocket your ill-gotten gains."
In the brightness of the wintry sun next morning as it streamed over the breakfast table, Herbert laughed at his fears. There was an air of prosaic wholesomeness about the room which it had lacked on the previous night, and the dirty, shriveled little paw was pitched on the sideboard with a carelessness which betokened no great belief in its virtues.
"I suppose all old soldiers are the same," said Mrs. White. "The idea of our listening to such nonsense! How could wishes be granted in these days? And if they could, how could two hundred pounds hurt you, Father?"
"Might drop on his head from the sky," said the frivolous Herbert.
"Morris said the things happened so naturally," said his father, "that you might, if you so wished, attribute it to coincidence."
"Well, don't break into the money before I come back," said Herbert, as he rose from the table. "I'm afraid it'll turn you into a mean, avaricious man, and we shall have to disown you."
His mother laughed, and following him to the door, watched him down the road, and returning to the breakfast table, was very happy at the expense of her husband's credulity. All of which did not prevent her from scurrying to the door at the postman's knock, nor prevent her from referring somewhat shortly to retired sergeant majors of bibulous habits, when she found that the post brought a tailor's bill.
"Herbert will have some more of his funny remarks, I expect, when he comes home," she said, as they sat at dinner.
"I daresay," said Mr. White, pouring himself out some beer; "but for all that, the thing moved in my hand; that I'll swear to."
"You thought it did," said the old lady soothingly.
"I say it did," replied the other. "There was no thought about it; I had just-- What's the matter?"
His wife made no reply. She was watching the mysterious movements of a man outside, who, peering in an undecided fashion at the house, appeared to be trying to make up his mind to enter. In mental connection with the two hundred pounds, she noticed that the stranger was well dressed and wore a silk hat of glossy newness. Three times he paused at the gate, and then walked on again. The fourth time he stood with his hand upon it, and then with sudden resolution flung it open and walked up the path. Mrs. White at the same moment placed her hands behind her, and hurriedly unfastening the strings of her apron, put that useful article of apparel beneath the cushion of her chair.
She brought the stranger, who seemed ill at ease, into the room. He gazed furtively at Mrs. White, and listened in a preoccupied fashion as the old lady apologized for the appearance of the room, and her husband's coat, a garment which he usually reserved for the garden. She then waited as patiently as her sex would permit for him to broach his business, but he was at first strangely silent.
"I--was asked to call," he said at last, and stooped and picked a piece of cotton from his trousers. "I come from Maw and Meggins."
The old lady started. "Is anything the matter?" she asked breathlessly. "Has anything happened to Herbert? What is it? What is it?"
Her husband interposed. "There, there, Mother," he said hastily. "Sit down, and don't jump to conclusions. You've not brought bad news, I'm sure, sir," and he eyed the other wistfully.
"I'm sorry--" began the visitor.
"Is he hurt?" demanded the mother.
The visitor bowed in assent. "Badly hurt," he said quietly, "but he is not in any pain."
"Oh, thank God!" said the old woman, clasping her hands. "Thank God for that! Thank--"
She broke off suddenly as the sinister meaning of the assurance dawned upon her and she saw the awful confirmation of her fears in the other's averted face. She caught her breath, and turning to her slower-witted husband, laid her trembling old hand upon his. There was a long silence.
"He was caught in the machinery," said the visitor at length, in a low voice.
"Caught in the machinery," repeated Mr. White, in a dazed fashion, "yes."
He sat staring blankly out at the window, and taking his wife's hand between his own, pressed it as he had been wont to do in their old courting days nearly forty years before.
"He was the only one left to us," he said, turning gently to the visitor. "It is hard."
The other coughed, and rising, walked slowly to the window. "The firm wished me to convey their sincere sympathy with you in your great loss," he said, without looking around. "I beg that you will understand I am only their servant and merely obeying orders."
There was no reply; the old woman's face was white, her eyes staring, and her breath inaudible; on the husband's face was a look such as his friend the sergeant might have carried into his first action.
"I was to say that Maw and Meggins disclaim all responsibility," continued the other. "They admit no liability at all, but in consideration of your son's services they wish to present you with a certain sum as compensation."
Mr. White dropped his wife's hand, and rising to his feet, gazed with a look of horror at his visitor. His dry

lips shaped the words, "How much?"
"Two hundred pounds," was the answer.
Unconscious of his wife's shriek, the old man smiled faintly, put out his hands like a sightless man, and dropped, a senseless heap, to the floor.
In the huge new cemetery, some two miles distant, the old people buried their dead, and came back to a house steeped in shadow and silence. It was all over so quickly that at first they could hardly realize it, and remained in a state of expectation, as though of something else to happen--something else which was to lighten this load, too heavy for old hearts to bear. But the days passed, and expectation gave place to resignation--the hopeless resignation of the old, sometimes miscalled apathy. Sometimes they hardly exchanged a word, for now they had nothing to talk about, and their days were long to weariness.
It was about a week after that that the old man, waking suddenly in the night, stretched out his hand and found himself alone. The room was in darkness, and the sound of subdued weeping came from the window. He raised himself in bed and listened.
"Come back," he said tenderly. "You will be cold."
"It is colder for my son," said the old woman, and wept afresh.
The sound of her sobs died away on his ears. The bed was -warm, and his eyes heavy with sleep. He dozed fitfully, and then slept until a sudden cry from his wife awoke him with a start.
"The monkey's paw!" she cried wildly. "The monkey's paw!"
He started up in alarm. "Where? Where is it? What's the matter?" She came stumbling across the room toward him. "I want it," she said quietly. "You've not destroyed it?"
"It's in the parlor, on the bracket," he replied, marveling. "Why?"
She cried and laughed together, and bending over, kissed his cheek.
"I only just thought of it," she said hysterically. "Why didn't I think of it before? Why didn't you think of it?"
"Think of what?" he questioned.
"The other two wishes," she replied rapidly. "We've only had one."
"Was not that enough?" he demanded fiercely.
"No," she cried triumphantly; "we'll have one more. Go down and get it quickly, and wish our boy alive again."
The man sat up in bed and flung the bedclothes from his quaking limbs. "Good God, you are mad!" he cried, aghast.
"Get it," she panted; "get it quickly, and wish-- Oh, my boy, my boy!"
Her husband struck a match and lit the candle. "Get back to bed," he said unsteadily. "You don't know what you are saying."
"We had the first wish granted," said the old woman feverishly; "why not the second?"
"A coincidence," stammered the old man.
"Go and get it and wish," cried the old woman, and dragged him toward the door.
He went down in the darkness, and felt his way to the parlor, and then to the mantelpiece. The talisman was in its place, and a horrible fear that the unspoken wish might bring his mutilated son before him ere he could escape from the room seized upon him, and he caught his breath as he found that he had lost the direction of the door. His brow cold with sweat, he felt his way around the table, and groped along the wall until he found himself in the small passage with the unwholesome thing in his hand.
Even his wife's face seemed changed as he entered the room. It was white and expectant, and to his fears seemed to have an unnatural look upon it. He was afraid of her.
"Wish!" she cried, in a strong voice.
"It is foolish and wicked," he faltered.
"Wish!" repeated his wife.
He raised his hand. "I wish my son alive again."
The talisman fell to the floor, and he regarded it shudderingly. Then he sank trembling into a chair as the old woman, with burning eyes, walked to the window and raised the blind.
He sat until he was chilled with the cold, glancing occasionally at the figure of the old woman peering through the window. The candle end, which had burned below the rim of the china candlestick, was throwing pulsating shadows on the ceiling and walls, until, with a flicker larger than the rest, it expired. The old man, with an unspeakable sense of relief at the failure of the talisman, crept back to his bed, and a minute or two afterward the old woman came silently and apathetically beside him.

Neither spoke, but both lay silently listening to the ticking of the clock. A stair creaked, and a squeaky mouse scurried noisily through the wall. The darkness was oppressive, and after lying for some time screwing up his courage, the husband took the box of matches, and striking one, went downstairs for a candle.
At the foot of the stairs the match went out, and he paused to strike another, and at the same moment a knock, so quiet and stealthy as to be scarcely audible, sounded on the front door.
The matches fell from his hand. He stood motionless, his breath suspended until the knock was repeated. Then he turned and fled swiftly back to his room, and closed the door behind him. A third knock sounded through the house.
"What's that?" cried the old woman, starting up.
"A rat," said the old man, in shaking tones, "a rat. It passed me on the stairs."
His wife sat up in bed listening. A loud knock resounded through the house.
"It's Herbert!" she screamed. "It's Herbert!"
She ran to the door, but her husband was before her, and catching her by the arm, held her tightly.
"What are you going to do?" he whispered hoarsely.
"It's my boy; it's Herbert!" she cried, struggling mechanically. "I forgot it was two miles away. What are you holding me for? Let go. I must open the door."
"For God's sake don't let it in," cried the old man, trembling.
"You're afraid of your own son," she cried, struggling. "Let me go. I'm coming, Herbert; I'm coming."
There was another knock, and another. The old woman with a sudden wrench broke free and ran from the room. Her husband followed to the landing, and called after her appealingly as she hurried downstairs. He heard the chain rattle back and the bottom bolt drawn slowly and stiffly from the socket. Then the old woman's voice, strained and panting.

"The bolt," she cried loudly. "Come down. I can't reach it."
But her husband was on his hands and knees groping wildly on the floor in search of the paw. If he could only find it before the thing outside got in. A perfect fusillade of knocks reverberated through the house, and he heard the scraping of a chair as his wife put it down in the passage against the door. He heard the creaking of the bolt as it came slowly back, and at the same moment, he found the monkey's paw, and frantically breathed his third and last wish.
The knocking ceased suddenly, although the echoes of it were still in the house. He heard the chair drawn back and the door opened. A cold wind rushed up the staircase, and a long, loud wail of disappointment and misery from his wife gave him courage to run down to her side, and then to the gate beyond. The streetlamp flickering opposite shone on a quiet and deserted road.

Gimana Contoh Makalah Bahasa Inggris nya ? bagus kan. moga aja dapat bermamfaat deh bagi anda.